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Introduction
The benefits of the utilization of the construction contracts include, the requirements of the
agreement while performing home building, the contract paper preserves the rights of the
contractor or builders, superintendent, principles and the other involved parties. In
accordance with the Crown Build project case study, the building construction is located in
the NSW area and it is going to be a four storey building with the fixed amount of AUD28
million and within a fixed timeline as mentioned in the contractual document of this building
project and the contract has been signed under AS4000-1997 regulation. But in the middle of
the project development, it has been detected that the beam size is incorrect and the
contractor has provided notice to the principal and superintendent of the project. The
superintendent has corrected the drawing with correct beam size and instructed to eradicate
the implemented wrong beams. Now gradually the quantity of the handrails has increased
with labour const and delivery delay. Now, the contractor can apply for different progress
claims under different clauses.
Task 1
The Australian building industry mainly follows the laws and regulations of ABIC or
Australian Building Industry contracts, HIA or housing Industry of Australia and the
government contracts. Each of the construction projects in Australia follows jurisdictions of

Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 1999 (NSW), Home Building
Act 1989 that mainly focuses on the building activities of the NSW Area. For the residential
building construction in the NSW area under Schedule 1 of Home Building ACT 1989 refers
that the roof plumbing and Specialist work will be done in relation with dwelling. Governing
law Clauses refers to the transactions between the parties that are mainly operated in the
territories and the states and the parties generally maintain and follow the legislation
attributes of Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) and the payment security legislation
(Wang and Burdon, 2021). According to the considered mandatory of the general guidelines
of the construction projects, the scope, timeline and the allocation of roles and responsibilities

will be mentioned (Appendix 3) The payment schedule along with the provisional sum and
the contract sum will be written and also the dispute resolution, relief damage, limitation
clauses and available reliefs are also mentioned in the construction contracts. The general
principles of the construction contracts uses different objectives such as the type of work

4
(commercial, design, residential), size and value of the contract, legislative requirements for
state and the mention of the parties who are administering the contract paper such as
architect, contractor, superintendent and the principles.
In accordance with the Australian Standards (AS) there are different general conditions that
are prepared by Standards Australian Committee. The general principles of construction
contract laws are described here-AS 4000-1997: This contract is signed for the construction
delivery purpose and is known as “general conditions of a contract”. AS 4901-1998: it is
mainly as a sub-contract and it is used with the AS4000 principles. AS 4902-2000: this is
mainly built for the construction delivery and design purpose and it is a variant of AS4000.

AS4905-2002 is signed for the minor contract conditions and it is administered by the
Superintendent. Thus, it is clear that the selection of the contract depends on the different
circumstances but there is some general reflection- The amendments or the body of the
contract, instruments of the contract or agreement that are written formally, and the annexure
parts. Some basic features of AS4000 are- the contractor of a construction project is required
to m\execute the completion of the construction project within a fixed timeline and at a lump
sum price. It is important to sign the agreement with the clearly mentioned date of completion
of the construction contracts, if the extension of time is required, and the contractor will have
to provide a ‘qualifying cause of delay’ (Swift, 2019). The case study deals with the
construction project of Crown build that is facing structural difficulties due to the proposed

wrong beam size and this dispute can be resolved by the AS4000-1997 contractual agreement
with the proper utilization of the clauses.
The advantages of using the standards forms of the Australian contracts are- it can reduce the
total cost, the scope of negotiation can be avoided with the signing of document and thus
influences the speediness of the process, However, in the agreement, the rights of the both of
the parties, the proper mentioning of the conditions of the contract, expected date of project
completion, the date of work commencement and the other terms and conditions related to
the construction project are clearly mentioned in the construction contracts. The benefits of
the utilization of the construction contracts include, the requirements of the agreement while
performing home building, the contract paper preserves the rights of the contractor or

builders, superintendent, principles and the other involved parties. The construction contracts
help to lay out the planning and conditions of the owner very clearly. It also ensures that the
owner of the building and the contractor are performing together in order to achieve a

5
common target, The clear guidelines of the contracts helps to perform a better construction
performance and the associate legislations add value to the protection of the builders and
traders (Jones, 2021). In addition to that the changes can be possible if there is any evidential
defect or damage or complaint occurs during the process.

Task 2
According to the case study of the Crown Build, the construction of the four storey building
under Crown Build developer is facing structural deficiencies as the superintendent of the
project has proposed wrong size of beams in the design paper. This issue has been resolved as
the contractor has informed the superintendent and the superintendent has issued a new
design with the correct size of the beams. Moreover, the superintendent has informed us to
remove the used beams and replace them with the correct beams (Appendix 2). Now this
situation has increased the amount of the stair handrails and thus it is enhancing the cost and
the time period. In this case, the contractor will apply for the provision of the compensation
rate from the superintendent as the dispute occurs due to the provision of incorrect
information by the Superintendent. This is a communication problem in the construction
management project.
The construction project of the Crown Build has been made according to the law of AS 4000-

1997 thus it includes a fixed timeframe and fixed allocated cost. For the Crown Build project
the time frame is 24 months and the allocated cost is AUD 28 million. But as the changes
have been done in the building design along with the beam sizes, there is a qualifying cause
of extension of the time period. Thus the contractor can apply for the delay delivery of the
project and delay cost under the AS4000-1997 legislations (EL GEZERY, 2018). The
contractor can apply for the EOT or the delay cost under AS4000 policy as the issue has been
caused by the omission of the Superintendent. In this regard, the qualifying cause of delay
compensable cause, 8.1 can be claimed for achieving the incurred cost due to the quantity
enhancement of the stair handrails, labour cost and beam removal cost.
Under clause number 25.3, the delay cost of the construction of Crown Build project involves
the labour cost. In addition to that the clause number 11.2 is also applicable in this regard as

the changes have been made and thus the costing structure is changing. The constructor can
use the clause in order to include the additional expenses with the lump sum cost of the
project. EOT can be applied in this case as there is a qualifying cause of delay as the mistake

6
has been done by the superintendent and the contractor can apply for achieving a relief. It
cannot be ignored that the principal of the project has also omitted the mistake made by the
superintendent in the beam size (Rıgga, 2019). In accordance with 34.2 clause number, the
contractor of Crown build has already sent a notice to the superintendent and the principal to
apply for EOT. This EOC will be received within 28 days after the claim has been done and
the delay cost has a qualifying cause of delay under clause number Qualifying cause of delay,

CC, 8.1.
Task 3
According to the policies of AS4000, the contractor of Crown Build can claim for the
expansion of the time frame in order to carry out WUC and the contractor needs to prepare a
qualifying cause of delay statement with evidential attributes. There are fundamentally two
types of qualifying cause of delay- i) it is applicable when any omission or mistake is made
by the superintendent of a building construction project and ii) it is applicable when the
mistake or default is made by the contractor of a building construction project or due to
industrial and weather conditions (Van Der Westhuizen and Evans, 2019). In the case of the
Crown Build project, the mistake has been performed by the superintendent of the building
construction as in the initial design the superintendent has proposed an incorrect beam size
which is shorter than the required beams. The Item number 23 can identify another factor
about the qualifying cause of delay as it measures if the EOT is not grantable in this situation.
After that the extension delay will be transformed into the calendar and the business days.
Under clause number 34.2, the contractor will be liable to submit the delay notice and in this

case the contractor of Crown Build has to submit proper documentation with the evidence of
the beam fault to the superintendent of the building project and the principal (RUGINĂ,
2021). This documentation will include the cause of delay and the estimated delivery date of
the project. In this regard it can be considered that claiming of EOC notice and delay notice
are different notices issued by the contractor. The provision of EOC notice comes under
clause number 34.2 and the delay notice provision comes under clause number 34.3. In
accordance with the regulation of clause number 34.3, the contractor of Crown Build has to
provide evidence regarding the fault in the beam size, responsible person and the extended
timeline in the notice of the EOT.

The process of claiming for EOT under AS4000 includes the submission and accessing of
notice of delay with the evidences for ‘qualifying cause of delay’ under the clause number

7
34.2, provision of delay notice, EOT claiming notice under the clause number 34.3, delay
damage claim as stated in the clause number 34.9 and 41.1 and the final assessment under the
clause number 34.4 (Appendix 1). The dispute in the construction building project will come
under 42.1 and the progress claim will be done as an activity of the payment security policy
according to clause number 37.1 (Montalbán-Domingo et al. 2019).
However, demonstration of the delay will be properly reported in the EOC notice. In
accordance with the policies, the superintendent of the Crown Build project has taken
mitigation steps in order to resolve the issue of the incorrect beam size. For taking effective
steps, the superintendent has designed a new building drawing with correct beam size and
instructed to remove the wrong beams that are already implemented in the building.

However, clause number 34.9 is identifying the compensable cause under AS4000-1997. Due
to the omission and the defaulted act of the superintendent, the clause number 1.1 stated that
it is a subject of compensable cause. The item number 26 (Annexure Part A) can detect the
other qualifying causes of damage delay and it also can be ‘Nil’ but the ‘Nil ‘refers that there
is no additional cost found in the case.
The quantum inclusion and the basics of claim need to be considered while preparing the
notice for the damage delay claims. The contractor has to submit and keep updating the
prepared claim as evidencing aspects for the delay. The clause number 34.4 includes both the
non-qualifying and qualifying delay causes in the cases of the overlapped situation. In this
case, it can be considered the prevention steps will be evaluated by the contractor to measure
if the objectives are affecting his attributes or not. Moreover, according to clause number

42.1, the contractor can also provide a dispute notice if he found any disagreement with the
proposal of the superintendent’s instruction (Adzoyi and Nani, 2021). The contractor can also
involve incurred cost that has been increased due to the replacement of the shorter size
beams, labour cost and the increased quantity of the handrails. These inclusions of the cost
will be done under clause number 36.2.
Task 4
There are fundamentally two reasons for claiming cost. Firstly, the incorrect beam size has
extended the delivery date of the building construction and on the other hand the labour cost
associated with the extension of the project and the removal and implementation of the newly

proposed correct beams. These types of costs are regarded as the “global cost claim”. In this

8
regard the superintendent will be considered as a liable person to provide the compensation
cost to the constructor or the builder. The clause number 36.2 indicates that the incurred cost
structure can be claimed by Crown Build as the variation has occurred in the contractual cost
structure. The cost claim will be made as the superintendent has made a mistake in the
building drawing with incorrect beam size. In order to respond to the cost variation, the
contractor will provide the incurred cost quotation and this quotation needs to be verified and
sanctified by the superintendent as a sign of approval. This cost structure will include the
additional cost of the raw materials, labour cost and the extension period cost. It will be
called ‘cost plus agreement’. In accordance with the policies, the superintendent of the Crown
Build project has taken mitigation steps in order to resolve the issue of the incorrect beam
size. For taking effective steps, the superintendent has designed a new building drawing with
correct beam size and instructed to remove the wrong beams that are already implemented in
the building. However, clause number 34.9 is identifying the compensable cause under
AS4000-1997 (Klee, 2018). Due to the omission and the defaulted act of the
superintendent,
the clause number 1.1 stated that it is a subject of compensable cause.
According to clause 26, the expense claim will involve the additional cost with the lump sum
cost in the contract. In addition to that the clause number 25.6 will be applicable as it
indicates the delay labour cost that is a delay damage expense. The clause number 11.2 needs
to be applied as there is a verified costing structure in the construction of the Crown build
project. The clause number 26 will also include the additional costs with the main costing
structure. Now the additional cost includes the labour cost, implemented beam removal cost,
extension cost and the quantity increment cost of the handrails (Hastie, Sutrisna and Egbu,
2017). The value of the raw materials will be added in the additional cost structure according
to the law of AS4000.
Conclusion
As the Crown Build project has been signed under the law AS 4000-1997, the financial and
delay dispute will come under different clauses. The provision of EOC notice comes under
clause number 34.2 and the delay notice provision comes under clause number 34.3. In
addition to that the clause number 25.6 will be applicable as it indicates the delay labour cost
that is a delay damage expense. Under clause number 25.3, the delay cost of the construction
of Crown Build project involves the labour cost. In addition to that the clause number 11.2 is
also applicable in this regard as the changes have been made in the cost structure.

9

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Introduction
In context of the marketing practices implemented in the operation domain of airline
businesses, this essay is making an insight into the role of sponsorship in case of the Emirates
Airline (EA). The basic concentration of this paper is to understand the role of sponsorship in
terms of operations in airlines as well as related airports. The idea is to explore and
comprehend the factors of sponsorship that are responsible to paving the road of success for
an organisation. The case of Emirates Airline (EA) has been selected for the critical analysis
of the success attained by the selected company in aviation marketing.

The Case
The ownership of Emirates Airline (EA) is in the hands of the Corporate Investors working
under the Government of Dubai, UAE. The official declaration of Emirates Airline (EA) in
their Annual Report of 2015 declares that it has been recognised as the largest airline
organisation in the entire Middle East, with an operating expansion of 3,300 flights/week
from Dubai International Airport. These flights are to 78 nations spread all over the world
(Emirates Airline, 2015). As reported by Frontier Economics (2015) since 2014, the flights of
Emirates Airline (EA) are increased by 29 airports in selected 28 cities of EU28. This
operation comprises of 700 flights operating per week in both the back and forth directions.
The success story of Emirates Airline (EA) in Europe appears very important in terms of

gaining developed route network, which is responsible for connecting many cities of the
world through Emirates Airline hub in Dubai.

Background
In the words of the official declarations made by the The Emirates Group, the history of
Emirates comprises ‘incredible development’ and is ‘fascinating. The Emirates (2015, a)
refers the history of Emirates Airline (EA) back to 1980s. during the mid of this decade, the
Gulf Air started cutting back most of its services to channelised to Dubai. It is at this position,
that Emirates came into being in the month of March of 1985, that specifically was supported
and backed up by the royal family of Dubai. The collaboration was initiated with Pakistan
International Airlines offering a minimal of two airline aircrafts at wetlease. In order to gain

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independent operative hold, the government subsidies were considered along with $10
million as the capital investment. These developments were initiated by Ahmed bin Saeed Al
Maktoum as the head and the current Chairperson of Emirates Airline (EA). Emirates (2015)
states that it hardly took any time for Emirates Airline (EA) to expand its destinations and
fleet. As such by October of the year 2008, Emirates made a huge shift of all its aviation
operations to the Terminal 3 of Dubai International Airport. The plans for its rapid
expansions and growth are still part of its success story and sustainability in the competitive
sky seems like a simple strategy to it.

The Success Story
Emirates (2015) depicts the trend of gaining regular success of Emirates against the
continuous regional instability and international economic volatility, as not miraculous, but
strategically well equipped. This report added the key combination of having the business
wisdom, along with savvy insight into the investment plans and perfect practical ambition. As
Emirates celebrates, the 25 th anniversary in the year 2015, the organisation marks its
remarkable sustainability and extensive growth with appropriate respect and recognition in
the international market. A critically investigated report by Mnisri (2010) notes that the secret
of success of Emirates is in its strong hold over the marketing strategy that emphasises in
terms of creating strong image of the brand and necessary awareness to be created

worldwide. The report of Mnisri (2010) adds that the role of the sponsors are very inevitable
in creating this success story. The management of sponsors sports clubs, as well as events in
the UAE and various esteem locations noted worldwide are the base for generating absolute
marketing strategy for the organisation. To this venture Emirates (2015 a) refers to the
continuous explosive growth of the organisation with continuous strive to offer best service
to its consumers in the aviation industry. The recent growth plan of Emirates Airline (EA)
comprises of –

Award winning cargo division in the international business periphery,
 Management of full-fledged destination, as well as leisure division, &
 IT developer for the Airline on an exclusive basis.

Role of Sponsorship: EA
The role of sponsorship initiated by any business is very significant and powerful in terms of
introducing its products, services or even itself a new market. The success story and the
extensive participation of Emirates Airline in sponsoring various events, especially those
related to sports, exemplifies the significance of sponsorship as an effective marketing tool
for creating brand image and awareness at large. In reference to the act of ‘extending brand
reach’, the Annual Report 2014 of Emirates Airline states,
“Our sponsorships are one of the most visible ways in which we connect people with
their passions”.

(Emirates Group, 2014, p. 11)

This is a declaration that confirms that Emirates Airline considered those elements for
sponsoring that are closely related to human passion, and its sports. The report adds that
Emirates in the current scenario is noted as one of the most popular brands that are involved
in sponsoring top level events of sports. Its partnership with selected football clubs in the
world, international meets in cricket, Formula 1, and other sports like golf, rugby,
horseracing, tennis, and Cup sailing of America, has actually successfully created the essence
of omnipresence of Emirates on a worldwide basis. The annual report of 2013-14, states that
a total of AED 850m has been already invested over the overall dnata business within the FY
of 2013-14, with the establishment of a new record that added the extra edge of being

recognised easily, for the airline division.

Sponsorship & Marketing
The interrelationship between sponsorship and marketing is related to the process of gaining
credible publicity in the market. These aspects are definitely interrelated, yet there is the need
to understand the distinction of publicity that is cost-effectives against the advertisement
((McChesney, 2008). Though both are tools of marketing, yet the sponsorship appears most
effective and lays serious impact of the brand image on the consumers as a whole. The
selection of sponsorship as a marketing tool by Emirates Airline has added enough essence
credibility to its brand awareness ventures, worldwide.

Analytical research led by Reed (2013) appreciates the sponsorship activities of Emirates
Airline in the sports related activities and various international sports events. However, there
is also the reference made towards the least possible participation of Emirates Airline in the
networking of the social media. The entire approach of Emirates Airline is in meeting the
mass population on a wide ranged spectrum rather than meeting them individually through
social media. Moreover, it is important to note that the less participation of Emirates Airline
in social media actually creates the image of being on hoardings for a positive cause rather
than being restricted to the PCs (McChesney, 2008).

Sports Sponsorship
The approach of considering sports sponsorship in the marketing domain, aims in meeting
wide ranged audience in an international ground. As noted by ACL (2011), the selection of
sports sponsorship by Emirates Airline is part of its strategic marketing, whereby the
organisation successful in getting the ideological image for its brand, on a wider scale. As
identified by Aaker and Erich (2000), on a global basis sports sponsorship appears more
effective than any other marketing tool as it is strong in creating the higher competitive
margin for the competitors. Nataraja and Al-Aali (2011) confirms this theoretical declaration
of Aaker and Erich as effective in reference to Emirates Airline. For Emirates Airline, this
margin has been achieved through its promotional mix of meeting targeted consumers and at
the same time in terms of creating brand image widely. It’s role of sponsoring in various

environmental activities and community services has actually made Emirates Airline one of
the most popular organisations in the world. However, Nataraja and Al-Aali (2011) still
emphasise that the omnipresent and strong brand image of Emirates Airline has been
established mainly through sports sponsorship, along with its equal conscious about the
comfort and profit of its employees as well as stakeholders in international business arena.

EA Aviation Marketing
The marketing sponsorship of the aviation business in sports domain by Emirates Airline has
been identified in diversified events. According to the list enlisted by Wilson (2015) sports
sponsorships led by that Emirates as an organisation stands immense. Sponsorship of

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Emirates Airline is distinct in football as they were involved in World Cup, Arsenal in EPL,
Real Madrid in La Liga, Paris St Germain in Ligue Une, AC Milan in Series A, Humburger
FC in Bundesliga, and even Olympiacos in Super League. Banners and hoardings of Emirates
Airline are also very distinct in the Saudi League, in Asian Football Confederation, and New
York Cosmos. Sponsoring popular games like rugby in USA Rugby, Emirates offered stylish
eye-catching helmets and pads to the players. ATP World Tour, followed by US Open, World
Rankings, Rogers Cup and BNP Paribas Cup, are the tennis game series that are also
sponsored prominently by Emirates Airline. The marketing impression established by
Emirates Airline is also very tactful. As for instance, the relaxed, comfortable and luxurious

first class leather seats in the US open are the keys to make the spectator feel that the similar
comfort will also be made available in the Airline services.
Following the same thread, while sponsoring F1, the Emirates Airline even created a
specialised TV channel dedicated to F1 extensively. Innovation and creativity are thus
integral to the marketing of aviation business for Emirates Aviation. These are also seen in
the sponsorship activities with sports like horse racing, as in the Melbourne Cup; 18 events as
the Ryder Cup in Golf; being part of rugby union through the means of sponsoring the IPL,
official ICC match, as ICC World Cup as well as Twenty20 World Cup.
Marketing Strategies
By the implementation of right marketing strategies, by 2018, Emirates Airline has planned
to have more than 320 aircrafts and more than a count of 400 aircrafts by 2020. Considering
the growth rates of Emirates Airline these assessments appears very practical.

The success story of Emirates Airline is not limited to mere publicity. The activities of
publicity and advertisements through sponsorship are the means to show the world that the
EA is very active and strong in meeting all those rules that can add authenticity and
credibility to its services. As for instance, EA is very particular in supporting the IATA
(International Air Transport Association) norms, like (Emirates, 2012)-
 investment make for the use of improved technology in airlines and airports

effective means of managing operations at fleet & airports
 maintenance of efficient and hi-tech infrastructure for convenience
 approval of positive measures for economic development
These are grass root strategic implementations that make the entire programme of
sponsorship, a success without any major challenge. The keys of managing strategies for
successful sponsorships are all based on the practical declarations and operational
management of EA in the international market of aviation.

First Key: The very basic step is to have comprehensive and clear communicational
objectives, initiated by the organisation for respective brand. For EA, this is done through the
collaboration of responsive communication facilities maintained with the consumers. EA is
very particular about its visibility by appearing in various popular sports event, worldwide.
Its brand awareness and developmental associations with community services, says it all
(Nataraja and Al-Aali (2011).
Second Key: The second key is to remain proactive. The proactive initiation of EA is
managing sponsorship has been well acclaimed already as the company selected the domain

of sports to reach the ‘inner passion’ and every corner of human society through international

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display of its participations (Emirates Group, 2014, p. 11). Considering sports as the ground
for developing sponsorship makes EA a common and popular brand, globally.
Third Key: The third key is to identify the gap to ‘fit in’ exceptionally. As marked by Aaker
and Erich (2000), the process of fitting exceptionally between a particular event and the
respective brand is though dicey, yet can offer instant success. EA is very bold and strong in
taking this initiation. Even after being a brand from aviation industry, its presence in different
kinds of sports events created room for its awareness among global population. It appears
strange, yet amazing the way Emirates gained hold over the act of ‘fitting in exceptionally’.
Fourth Key: The fourth key refers to own sponsorships, and for EA the huge back up is

Emirates Group itself. The logo in general is strong enough to offer an incorporated banner to
EA.
Fifth Key: The 5 th phase refers to the act of being analytical to the publicity opportunities. It
is here that EA refuse to remain active in the social media networking and concentrate more
in international sports events (Reed, 2013). The motive is simple. EA through Emirates, just
wanted to gain extensive recognition in public rather than meeting people individually on
personal grounds. The approach is open and popular.
Sixth Key: Sixth key is that of payoffs multiple sponsorship, which is very systematically
managed by the Emirates group. The financial security and meeting the challenges of
economic risks, are considered as a family matter by Emirates group and this EA gains the

opportunity to maintain payoffs through multiple sponsorship.
Seventh Key: The last key is to manage sponsorship actively and that is definitely gained by
the inhouse management services of Emirates Group.
However, apart from these key strategies, whereby Emirates Airline is much supported by
Emirates Group; there are individual initiations noted for gaining exclusive dominance over
the market and laying serious impact on the consumers. These keys are operational
management leadership and necessary alliances, wherever needed.

Management Leadership
The tactics and approaches of leadership for the attainment of a successful business have
attained innumerable definitions. According to Bass, the aspects of organisational leadership
in terms of accomplishing management practices needs to get structured in the form of “an

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interaction between two or more members of a group that often involves a structuring or
restructuring of the situation and the perceptions and expectations of group members” (1990,
p. 19). Under the pressure of cross cultural management structures, there is the need to
consider an admixture of transformational attributes, sharing of power as well as authority
and responding to every issue in accordance to the current situation. In reference to Emirates
Airline, the core consideration is for phenomenal growth that is made possible by the
typically structured strong and very stable traits of leadership. As identified by Mnisri (2010)
the key note to the trend of gaining success for Emirates is its capability to manage a stable
continuity of the team of management. With a combination and team work of talented and
experienced executives, Emirates Airline is very successful in gaining mutual management

approaches in all its branches spread all over the world. Under the efficient guidelines of the
CEO, Sheik Ahmed Bin Saeed Al‑Maktoum, the leadership of Emirates Airline is open to
transformational, power-sharing, and situational combination of management structure. As
for instance, Emirate Airline in Dubai gets transformed into more contemporary style in
European nations. Being the fastest developing intercontinental carrier, the management of
EA is flexible enough in considering the cultural differences of all the six continents, yet
adding the developmental growth and sustainable services to the consumers.
Allied Sponsorship
It is the leadership trait of EA under the formulation of combining transformational, power-

sharing, and situational approaches that the company is successful enough in establishing its
allied sponsorships with much ease. The reports of Repucom (2015) declares that Emirates is
very specific in selecting its sponsorship partner and it is this keenness and preciseness that
the company earns a lot in gaining brand awareness in respective nations. As for instance,
Repucom states that in the Arsenal FC, Emirates chose to be with Arsenal and this dual
sponsorship appeared very beneficial to the company. The following graph shows the success
rate in this matter –

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Abstract

Contents
Abstract 2
Table of Content 2
List of Figures and Tables 2

  1. Introduction 2
    1.1 Research Question 3
    1.2 Research Purpose 3
    1.3 Research Rationale 3
  2. Literature Review 4
    2.1 Strategic HR Management 4
    Common Global Practices, SHRM at IBM: A Case Study 4
    2.2 Theory to Praxis 4
    SHRM Theories, Implementation at IBM 4
    2.3 Current Issues 4
    Recruitment, Training & Motivation, and Retention 4
  3. Methodology 4
    3.1 Research Philosophy 4
    3.2 Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches 4
  4. Selected Research Methodology 4
    4.1 Research Approach 4
    4.2 Sampling 4
    4.3 Data Collection 4
  5. Findings and Analysis 4
    5.1 SHRM Approaches at IBM 4
    5.2 Recruitment and Training at IBM 4
    5.3 Motivation and Retention 4
    5.4 Analytical Overview 4
  6. Conclusion and Recommendations 4
    References 8

    Appendices 9

Table of Content

List of Figures and Tables

  1. Introduction

According to the Annual Report 2015 of IBM, the current strategic imperative revenue mix
of the company, against the market get noted as follows –
Figure 1 IBM: Strategic Imperative Growth

Source: IBM (2015)

It has been clearly marked in the current competitive market scenario, IBM has considered its
strategic imperatives as significant elements to its management process. Its expansion in the
fields of analytics, cloud, mobile, security, and social context remains successful in gaining
27% of its total revenue of $25 billion in the year 2014. With the establishment of 3,000
patents in 2014, the company acknowledges that it is the capacity and efficiency of its human
resource (HR) that integrated technology in accordance to the business proceedings the
clients, and adding success to the company on a worldwide basis.
Considering developmental approaches of IBM as the core subject, this research is offering a
research on the ways the Human Resources are recruited, generated, maintained, and further

retained in IBM. The approach is in gaining information about the strategic management
formulations as considered by IBM in being able remain competitive in the global market.

For this purpose the official declarations of IBM, like Annual reports and news articles will
be considered. Further analytical overview will include various theories, peer-reviewed
journal articles, and literary sources for the understanding of Strategic Human Resource
Management, with close study of the practices in IBM.

1.1 Research Question
In the domain of HRM, why IBM can be idealised by a company, to gain knowledge about
sustainability and growth in the current global market?

1.2 Research Purpose
The core purpose of this report is to analyse the SHRM of IBM, in order to gain necessary
knowledge about the implementation of strategic theories and practices in the HR domain for
organisational success. As under the intensive pressure of globalisation, the companies are
facing enormous hurdles in recruiting the right employees, training and motivating them, and
get most strenuous in retaining valued employees; this research aims to offer the tips and
tricks of IBM in resolving these issues in particular.

1.3 Research Rationale
As against many competitive software companies, like Accenture, Hewlett-Packard, Apple,
etc., IBM with 379,592 employees, excels itself in the process of recruiting, training &
motivating, and retaining employees for organisational growth and long term sustainability in
the market (IBM, 2014). Its achievements and growth makes it one of the most best place for
generating a good career for an employee (IBM, 2015 a). This is the reason that IBM has
been selected here, as an ideal company to understand its HR strategic management for the
upliftment of those companies that still strive to gain more potentiality in global market.

  1. Literature Review
    2.1 Strategic HR Management

Common Global Practices, SHRM at IBM: A Case Study
2.2 Theory to Praxis
SHRM Theories, Implementation at IBM
2.3 Current Issues
Recruitment, Training & Motivation, and Retention

  1. Methodology
    3.1 Research Philosophy
    3.2 Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
  2. Selected Research Methodology
    4.1 Research Approach
    4.2 Sampling
    4.3 Data Collection
  3. Findings and Analysis
    5.1 SHRM Approaches at IBM
    5.2 Recruitment and Training at IBM
    5.3 Motivation and Retention
    5.4 Analytical Overview
  4. Conclusion and Recommendations

Appendices

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